Spinal cord injuries generate enormous medical expenses over a lifetime. Understanding these costs is essential for ensuring your settlement or verdict covers actual needs.
First-Year Medical Costs
The first year after spinal cord injury is the most expensive:
High Quadriplegia (C1-C4)
Average first-year costs: $1.1-1.5 million
- Prolonged ICU care—often weeks on ventilator
- Multiple surgeries—spinal stabilization, tracheostomy
- Extended acute hospitalization
- 3-6+ months inpatient rehabilitation
- Initial equipment—power wheelchair, hospital bed, ventilator
Low Quadriplegia (C5-C8)
Average first-year costs: $800,000-1 million
- Spinal surgery and hospitalization
- 3-4 months inpatient rehabilitation
- Power wheelchair and seating
- Home modifications begun
Paraplegia
Average first-year costs: $500,000-750,000
- Surgery and hospitalization
- 2-3 months inpatient rehabilitation
- Manual wheelchair and equipment
- Outpatient therapy transition
Ongoing Annual Costs
High Quadriplegia
Average annual costs: $200,000-300,000+
- 24-hour attendant or nursing care
- Respiratory therapy and equipment
- Frequent physician visits
- Medications for multiple conditions
- Complication treatment (infections, pressure sores)
Low Quadriplegia
Average annual costs: $100,000-200,000
- Part-time to full-time attendant care
- Regular physician monitoring
- Medications
- Therapy maintenance
- Equipment maintenance and replacement
Paraplegia
Average annual costs: $70,000-100,000
- Limited attendant care (or none)
- Physician visits and monitoring
- Medications and supplies
- Equipment costs
- Ongoing therapy
Specific Medical Expense Categories
Physician Services
- Primary care—regular checkups and acute illness
- Physiatry—spinal cord injury specialist care
- Urology—bladder management, common complications
- Pulmonology—respiratory care for higher injuries
- Pain management—neuropathic pain treatment
- Psychiatry—mental health treatment
Medications
Ongoing medication needs include:
- Pain medications
- Antispasticity drugs
- Bladder medications
- Bowel management drugs
- Medications for autonomic dysreflexia
- Antibiotics for recurring infections
Supplies and Consumables
- Catheter supplies—$200-500/month
- Bowel supplies—$100-300/month
- Wound care supplies—as needed
- Respiratory supplies—for ventilator users
Therapy Services
- Physical therapy—strength, mobility, transfers
- Occupational therapy—activities of daily living
- Respiratory therapy—for higher-level injuries
- Psychological counseling—adjustment and mental health
Equipment Costs
Wheelchairs
- Power wheelchair with seating—$25,000-60,000 (replace every 5-7 years)
- Manual wheelchair—$3,000-8,000 (replace every 3-5 years)
- Standing wheelchair—$30,000-50,000 (if needed)
Beds and Support Surfaces
- Hospital bed—$5,000-15,000
- Pressure-relieving mattress—$3,000-10,000
- Patient lifts—$5,000-15,000
Respiratory Equipment
- Ventilator—$15,000-30,000
- Suction machine—$500-2,000
- BiPAP/CPAP—$1,000-3,000
Complication Costs
Spinal cord injury survivors face ongoing complications:
- Pressure sores—hospitalization and surgery can cost $50,000-100,000+
- Urinary tract infections—frequent ER visits and antibiotics
- Respiratory infections—pneumonia requiring hospitalization
- Autonomic dysreflexia—emergency treatment for blood pressure crises
- Deep vein thrombosis—blood clots requiring treatment
Lifetime Cost Projections
Lifetime medical costs depend on injury level, age at injury, and life expectancy:
- 25-year-old with C2 injury: $5-10+ million lifetime medical costs
- 40-year-old with C6 injury: $2-4 million lifetime medical costs
- 35-year-old with T6 paraplegia: $1-2.5 million lifetime medical costs
Conclusion
Medical costs for spinal cord injuries are staggering. Accurate documentation through life care planning is essential to ensure compensation covers actual lifetime needs. Never accept a settlement without professional medical cost analysis.